The Law Of Causality And God

By definition, an effect has a cause or is caused by something, while a cause produces an effect; there can be no uncaused effects or causes that don't have effects.  There can be uncaused causes, but not uncaused effects; nothing can cause itself! This is not being guilty of worshiping at the shrine of Aristotle, but apologetics is linked to logic and teleology, as a result, known as the cosmological proof of God.  

"Every house is built by someone, but God is the builder of all things," (cf. Heb. 3:4). 

The law of causality (of causal links), also known as the law of cause and effect is the second law of knowledge after the law of noncontradiction. With these two laws predicated, all knowledge becomes possible. Without them, no knowledge is possible. As Augustine said, "I believe in order to understand," so also all knowledge begins in faith (is contingent), assuming something you cannot prove, even in the sciences--both applied and pure--belief causes understanding! The law of causality states simply that for every effect there's a cause; it doesn't state that everything has a cause--that would lead to absurdity and nothingness or infinite regress--and logicians argue for the impossibility of crossing infinity. You must begin somewhere, with some presupposition you cannot prove.

Secularists have faith in science as the ultimate source of truth and bet the farm on this fact--which precludes philosophy or religion as sources of enlightenment. In the final analysis of causality, nothing can be its own cause! Then it would be both a cause and an effect simultaneously or violate the law of noncontradiction. Aristotle saw God as the unmoved mover or uncaused cause. Going back to the beginning of all time, there has to be a First Cause or primary mover of the cosmos. This being, we call the necessary being. Everything is contingent by definition except God! Because if everything is dependent then nothing is necessary in itself.

God, as theologians see it, is the Causa Prima or the First Cause and primary mover of all. He got the ball rolling and fired the big bang, even programming it with some 50 universal constants, including the weak and strong nuclear forces, the force of gravity, the charge of the electron, the atomic weight of the proton, the speed of light, and the freezing point of water, and so forth, which are all constants throughout the cosmos.

Truth, according to the correspondence theory of truth, is that which corresponds with reality! Reality is not an infinite series of efficacious, finite causes, but a limited chain of effects tracing their root to God Himself. Everything in the universe (the time-space continuum) has a beginning; for everything that begins to exist is an effect and has a cause. The Big Bang (it didn't just happen out of the blue!) and the universe began to exist and, therefore, it has a cause--I venture to posit that God is that cause.  Nothing just happens by itself! 

When you say that Z was caused by Y and Y by X ... you realize infinite regress is impossible that the chain of events isn't eternal and must end somewhere (you run out of letters).  This type of evidence for God is called cosmological the law of cause and effect), for Heb. 3:4 says that everything is built by someone, but God is the builder of all, being the First Cause, or origin of all things--"In the beginning God...." God had no beginning and is eternal, therefore has no cause! I posit that everything in the time-space continuum had a beginning for Scripture declares that time itself began (Titus 1:2; 2 Tim. 1:9). God is the uncaused being, which doesn't violate any principle of logic or reason.

We must learn to think teleologically, or that everything has a purpose--it is only natural for children to wonder "why" because they naturally think along these lines. This type of proof of God is known as teleological, or that design, art, beauty, order, harmony, and purpose exist naturally in nature. God, being eternal, doesn't change and is therefore not an effect or has no cause. And it is important to note that where we start determines where we will end up; we must begin with God to come to any logical conclusion and not contradict ourselves or commit intellectual suicide.

All in all, there is ample, practical reason to understand the interrelationship of cause and effect: ideas have consequences and to troubleshoot problems we need to understand this relationship. We assign ultimate causation to God: In the beginning God! Finding the "culprit" is the aim, whether mundane or spiritual, whenever we encounter dilemmas or issues. Ultimately, God is the cause of all and works all things to His glory (cf. Eph. 1:11). As Wycliffe's tenet says, "All things come to pass of necessity." In sum, nothing just happens by itself and it's only natural to wonder why things happen as they do. Soli Deo Gloria!

Critique Of The Blame Game

Premise:  God is the sole, ultimate, First Cause of the universe.  You need to see the Big Picture!
"If you do away with the yoke of oppression, with the pointing finger and malicious talk...then your light will rise in the darkness..." (Isaiah 58:9).

God is sovereign through Providence, but cannot be charged with wrongdoing or be responsible for evil, though He uses secondary causes as vessels of dishonor to accomplish His will and even turn curses into blessings ("The wrath of man shall praise thee," says Psalm 76:10).  Joseph said, "You meant it for evil, but God meant it for good" (Gen. 50:20).

You have to go back to the Garden of Eden to see how Operation Fig leaf started and the blame game began.  Eve blamed the serpent, Adam blamed Eve!  Today we cannot put the culpability on them, not only because Adam was the head of the race, but we would've done likewise--it was such a representative sin that all are guilty of.  God is our judge then, and we are not His:  God is the moral center of the universe, not us!  He is accountable to no one.  All creatures owe accountability to their Maker.

"Every house is built by someone, but God is the builder of everything" (Hebrews 3:4) [one proof text referring to God's primary causation and being called the First Cause].  Nothing can be its own cause no more than its own creator-but it is possible for something to be self-existent and have no cause logically, scientifically, and theologically.  God had no beginning and needs no antecedent cause because of not being an effect.  We conclude that something must be "uncaused" or self-existent for anything to exist today because there couldn't have been a "time" when nothing existed--there would be nothing now (ex nihilo, nihil fit or out of nothing, nothing comes; an ancient axiom). [So cites R. C. Sproul concerning Immanuel Kant's proofs for God.]

God micromanages the universe from the smallest molecule to the largest galaxy to be under His care and control.  He even orchestrates history to turn out the way He wills it and has never lost control or given up His throne to Satan, though he is the ruler of this age under the limiting restraint of God and cannot do anything apart from divine permission.  Everything is going according to Plan A and there is no Plan B.  

He merely uses everything and everyone as His tools and vessels of honor and dishonor to accomplish His good pleasure and glorify Himself.   For instance, you look at all the evil in the world and wonder why God hasn't done anything about it:  Well, God made you--what is your excuse?  If God were to eradicate all evil from the universe no one would be left--so He has to work with evil to glorify Himself.  No one ever does anything that he doesn't want to (he always does what seems good for him at the moment) and God never makes someone do what they don't want to do:  That would be coercion or determinism and like being forced to do something against your own will--God doesn't interfere with your free will in this respect [however, ultimately He can change your beliefs and make a believer out of you at will by His sovereignty over all]; however, our will is only a small part of our decision-making process:  for instance, our nature given by God (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric, melancholic, etc.); our environment; our family; our genes; our education, et al.

Daniel 4:35; cf. Job 9:12, says:  "Who can stay his hand, or say to him:  'What hast thou done?'"  John Wesley used to read the newspaper and when asked why:  "So I can see what God is doing in His world."  Yes, He's got the whole world in His hands.  If you want to start blaming someone, there's enough to blame in you--a good place to start and to also pray for the corporate sins of the nation or body.   When Daniel prayed in chapter 9 he confessed "the sins we have done," to paraphrase him.

There is a vast difference between a link or correlation and a cause:  The former cannot be proved, and the latter can and is without a doubt.  Smoking used to be linked to cancer, now it is a known cause!   Diet soda and obesity are linked, but not yet proved to be the cause.   Freud saw a link between religion and neurosis.  We are too apt to jump to the conclusion and believe what we want to after only examining the evidence that we are prone to believe.

I regard to causation and assigning blame or credit, there are other mistakes in thinking apropos:   The mistake in diagnosis is the so-called "common-factor fallacy."  One merely looks for something in common and assumes that it is the cause.  He drank water and aspirin, water and a laxative, water and a sleeping pill:  Water must be making him sick.  Reality is usually more complicated than a simple formula.  People don't use proper empirical methods or analytic thinking such as induction and deduction.  [In deduction we deduce particulars from universals and go from effect to cause; while in induction we find generalized or universals from the particular or go from the effect to the cause or the converse,  a posteriori reasoning (or after the fact) is going by experience, and a priori (before the fact) are by logic or inference like Sherlock Holmes used to do.]

To this day the basis of logic dates to Aristotle who formulated its laws, and all knowledge is on the premise of logic and that there is reason or logos behind the cosmos.  The enemy of science is chaos according to R. C. Sproul and we must assume order and design in the universe to study it.  Bear in mind:  There would've been no science had not Christians believed in a rational universe governed by a universal reason to be discovered and applied.  Science is the daughter of Christianity.

When we look at the evidence we look at chief indicators and what is major and minor because not everything has equal causation.  I am referring to the law of causality or cause and effect which says that everything that begins to exist or has a beginning must have an antecedent cause. Nothing happens by itself!  Who is the Beginner?  The Big Bang must have someone who fired it and set it off to motion and programmed it with all the universal constants, such as the force of gravity, charge of the electron, and speed of light, among almost fifty other ones, i.e., the fine-tuning of the cosmos.

In troubleshooting one always checks out the obvious first!  Experience and wisdom to use your knowledge are next in line--it usually is not a matter of sheer brilliance or an epiphany or serendipity! There isn't always a smoking gun or obvious indicator of what's wrong--the culprit may take trial and error and elimination of variables one by one in a controlled situation.

God had no beginning, and therefore no cause because He is not an effect and has always existed as the "uncaused cause."  It has been said that to discover the truth you must eliminate the impossible, and whatever is left, no matter how improbable, must be the truth. God is totally uninfluenced by man and does not need Him as the unmoved mover.

Where am I going with this?  God is also sovereign over salvation (Rom. 5:21).  Faith is the key to knowledge; we understand through faith!  Faith is the means by which we are saved by grace alone and not merit--it is a gift whereby God quickens faith within us.  It is God's gift to us, but we have to believe ourselves--God doesn't believe for us!   Faith began to exist in us and had an external cause which Reformed theologians call "irresistible grace."  An example of God doing something else that is irresistible that is an analogy is when you see a pretty girl that you can't resist and it is your hormones, genes, and nature that were God-given that made you feel that way.  [God was in charge of that, not you. N.B. that you can cause something in a negative way by withholding influence or action or withdrawing guidance or grace!  This is what God does in "judicial hardening" like what He does to reprobates who reject Christ and harden their own hearts.]

But you did nothing against your will and you weren't forced to like this attractive girl that just happens to be your type!  Get the big picture of God in your belief system or worldview.  Our virtue is God's gift to us, not our gift to Him.  Get the equation with respect to the fact that all good things come from God (James 1:17).

Faith is the instrumental cause of justification, but God is the primary cause who planned it, authored it, accomplished it, executed it and applied it on our behalf.  Faith is a gift and not a work as Romanists believe (it would be a basis for merit, as they maintain one must have).  It is the work of God that we believe according to John 6:29: "This is the work of God, that you believe in Him whom He has sent."  Acts 18:27 says that we "believed through grace."  It has been granted us the ability to believe according to Philippians 1:29.  We have received a like faith according to 2 Peter 1:1.

Why faith then?  Faith is the beginning of all knowledge and some philosophers deny the certainty of any knowledge, but only probability.  They say, "All truth is relative."  This statement is nonsensical because it would make itself also relative and to have no value as a truth claim.  In fact, "All truth is God's truth" and the gift of God as John 8:32 says:  "You shall know the truth, and the truth shall set you free."  Jesus came to "bear witness of the truth" (John 18:37).  The so-called assertion that truth is relative and not absolute is the prevalent idea currently among the elite of academia.  ("You can know nothing for sure.")  [I refer to Allan Bloom's book, The Closing of the American Mind.]  What may be true for you, and not for them:   No wonder Pontius Pilate said, "What is truth?"  A common greeting: "What do you know for sure?"  Tell them that Jesus is alive and well.  We believe in order to understand according to Aristotle and not vice versa.  We are seekers of truth with a capital T. It is true regardless of who believes it or objectively true and absolutely true for all times, peoples, cultures, situations, et al.

Our faith must be tested by fire:  it is more precious than silver or gold.  The same sun melts the butter hardens the clay.  In all of Job's troubles, he did not charge God with wrongdoing but was patient in affliction.

Faith is the thing that pleases God according to Hebrews 11:6 and it takes faith no matter what your position; in fact, it takes more faith to deny God and Christ than to affirm Him (you cannot disprove a universal negative and say there is no God with certainty--it is an act of faith--Norman Geisler says he doesn't have enough faith to be an atheist. You cannot disprove God either--both stands take faith!

It takes more faith to deny God than to believe in Him because he more questions and fewer answers to account for.   No one has all the answers, but you don't need all the answers to believe; you merely go in the direction of the preponderance of the evidence like any legitimate jury would.

Is there proof for faith to be based on?  There is such a phenomenon called "properly-basic belief" whereby the proof is in the pudding--taste it and see for yourself that God is Good, and don't just take my word for it! Psalm 34:8 says:  "Taste and see that the LORD is good...."  Jesus can be experienced and Christianity is not just some pie in the sky faith that has no relevance.  When we invite Christ into our hearts we experience Him and He lives in our hearts; we love Him with our hearts and it's not all in our heads.   Jesus lives in our hearts but this feeling and experienced is based on objective historical fact (the resurrection of Christ the basis)--it is not a totally subjective and personal feeling, but one shared and given a testimony of.

In conclusion of the matter in question about believing God no matter what:  We should start the blame with ourselves and realize that God is still in control and rules over the nations.  As Dostoevsky said, "If there is no God, all things are permissible."  In other words, there is no one to blame and there is no such thing to contemplate.  Wycliffe's tenet that "all things come to pass of necessity" means that we are not to question God's wisdom and sovereignty.   Soli Deo Gloria!